One hundred elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty were randomized to receive either precision nursing intervention based on the Damage Control Orthopedics (DCO) model (n=50) or conventional nursing care (n=50). The primary outcome of interest was hip joint function (Harris score). Secondary outcomes included depression (SDS), anxiety (SAS), sleep quality (PSQI), daily living ability (Barthel Index), and quality of life (SF-36). Outcomes were assessed up to 3 months. Overall, the results revealed that precision nursing intervention based on the DCO model significantly improved hip joint function, psychological states, sleep quality, daily living abilities, and all domains of quality of life compared to conventional nursing care. These findings suggest that precision nursing based on the DCO model offers substantial benefits for elderly hip arthroplasty patients, promoting better recovery and overall well-being.