One hundred and six patients with chronic low back pain were allocated to receive 3 weeks of peloid therapy plus a home exercise program (n=53) or 3 weeks of home exercise alone (n=53). The outcomes of interest included pain, and patient and physician global assessment on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) quality of life questionnaire, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Outcomes were assessed after completion of treatment and 1 month after the end of treatment. Results revealed superior pain and function in the peloid therapy group at both timepoints. No significant differences in BDI scores or SF-36 subscores were observed at any timepoint, with the exception of SF-36 vitality scores which were in favour of the peloid therapy group 1 month post-treatment.